The allure of America’s national parks has never been stronger, drawing millions of visitors each year to their breathtaking landscapes and pristine wilderness. However, with this surge in popularity comes a new set of challenges—particularly when it comes to securing permits for some of the most coveted hiking trails. Under the latest National Park Service regulations, access to certain iconic routes is now more restricted than ever, turning the permit application process into a competitive endeavor akin to snagging tickets to a blockbuster concert.

Among the trails that have become the holy grail for hikers, the Enchantments in Washington’s Alpine Lakes Wilderness stands out. Known for its crystal-clear lakes, rugged peaks, and golden larch trees in the fall, this 18-mile traverse is a dream for backpackers. The permit system here is notoriously unforgiving, with a lottery that sees thousands of applicants vying for just a handful of spots each day during the peak season. Those who miss out often resort to last-minute cancellations or shoulder-season attempts, though even these require a mix of luck and relentless persistence.

Further south, the Wave in Arizona’s Coyote Buttes North is another trail where permits are as elusive as the perfect sunrise photo over its undulating sandstone formations. Only 20 people are allowed to hike this trail each day, with 10 spots available through an online lottery four months in advance and another 10 through a walk-in lottery the day before. The odds are slim—some applicants report entering the lottery dozens of times before securing a spot. For those who do succeed, the reward is an otherworldly landscape that feels like stepping onto another planet.

In California, the Half Dome cables route in Yosemite National Park remains one of the most sought-after permits in the country. The grueling 14- to 16-mile round-trip hike culminates in a nerve-wracking ascent up the granite dome’s steep face, aided by metal cables. With only 300 permits issued per day (225 for day hikers and 75 for backpackers), competition is fierce. Many hopefuls plan their entire Yosemite trip around the lottery dates, while others resort to the less predictable daily lottery, where cancellations free up a handful of spots.

Not to be overlooked, the Havasupai Falls permit system has undergone significant changes in recent years, making it even harder to secure a spot. Located within the Havasupai Indian Reservation near the Grand Canyon, this trail leads to turquoise waterfalls cascading over red rock cliffs. Permits now sell out within minutes of being released online, often leaving frustrated hikers staring at crashed websites and error messages. The tribe’s strict no-refund policy adds another layer of pressure, as cancellations are rare and resale is prohibited.

For those willing to brave the cold, Maine’s Knife Edge Trail on Mount Katahdin offers a different kind of challenge. While no permit is required for the hike itself, access to Baxter State Park—where the trail is located—is tightly controlled. Only a limited number of vehicles are allowed entry each day, and reservations fill up months in advance. The trail’s narrow, exposed ridge is not for the faint of heart, but those who navigate it are rewarded with panoramic views of the surrounding wilderness.

As demand continues to outstrip supply, the National Park Service and affiliated agencies are experimenting with new systems to balance preservation with public access. Dynamic pricing, staggered lottery dates, and stricter enforcement of no-show policies are just a few of the measures being tested. For hikers, the key to success lies in preparation, flexibility, and a willingness to embrace the unpredictability of the process. After all, the trails that are hardest to reach often lead to the most unforgettable adventures.